How to Buy a Gun Online
Woody's answers are based on published federal and state law. Not legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney for your specific situation.
You can buy complete firearms online, but they must ship to a local FFL dealer for the background check and transfer. Only you can pick up the firearm after completing ATF Form 4473.
How This Affects Your Build
Online firearm purchases follow the same federal requirements as in-person sales, just with shipping to your chosen FFL. This process is particularly relevant for AR builders since you can often find better prices and selection online than at local shops. The FFL transfer fee typically ranges from $20-50 depending on your area.
The Detail
The online buying process starts with selecting a local Federal Firearms License holder who will handle your transfer. Most gun stores offer this service, and you should confirm their transfer fee and process before making your purchase. Some FFLs require you to contact them before ordering, while others accept any shipment as long as you call when it arrives.
Once you place your order online, the retailer will request a copy of your chosen FFL's license before shipping. The firearm ships directly to that dealer, never to your home address. Complete rifles, lowers, and any item considered a firearm by the ATF must follow this process. Upper receivers, barrels, stocks, and other non-firearm components can ship directly to you.
When your firearm arrives at the FFL, they will contact you to schedule the pickup. You complete the same ATF Form 4473 and background check as any in-store purchase. The dealer will verify your identity, confirm you can legally own the firearm, and process the NICS check before releasing it to you.
Payment methods vary by retailer, with many accepting credit cards while others require checks or money orders for certain items. Some states have additional requirements like waiting periods or permits that apply regardless of whether you buy online or in person.
Build Impact
Online purchases often provide access to better prices and wider selection than local shops, especially for specific lower receivers or complete rifles. Factor in transfer fees when comparing total costs, as a $20 savings online becomes a loss with a $40 transfer fee.